G6PD Test (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) @ Rs 500

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and its Function

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme found in the body that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of glucose, specifically in the pentose phosphate pathway (also known as the hexose monophosphate shunt). The primary function of G6PD is to catalyze the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-??-lactone, while simultaneously reducing the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) to its reduced form, NADPH. This reaction is the first and rate-limiting step in the pentose phosphate pathway.

Conditions that may require G6PD Test (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase)

A G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) test may be required in several situations to assess the activity and presence of the G6PD enzyme. Here are some conditions or circumstances that may warrant a G6PD test:

Hemolytic anemia: G6PD deficiency is a genetic disorder that can lead to episodes of hemolytic anemia. This type of anemia occurs when red blood cells are prematurely destroyed, leading to a shortage of healthy red blood cells. G6PD deficiency is the most common enzymatic disorder associated with hemolytic anemia, and a G6PD test is typically done to confirm the diagnosis.
Medication-induced hemolysis: Some medications, such as certain antibiotics (e.g., sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin) and antimalarials (e.g., primaquine, chloroquine), can trigger hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. Prior to starting these medications, a G6PD test may be performed to identify individuals at risk of hemolysis.
Newborn screening: G6PD deficiency is commonly detected through newborn screening programs in certain countries or regions. Since G6PD deficiency is an inherited condition, screening is done to identify affected newborns early on, allowing for appropriate management and monitoring.
Preoperative assessment: In some cases, a G6PD test may be requested prior to surgery, particularly if the planned procedure or certain medications used during anesthesia can potentially trigger hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency.
Investigating unexplained anemia: If a person presents with unexplained anemia, a G6PD test may be included in the diagnostic workup to rule out G6PD deficiency as a potential cause.

G6PD Test (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) Procedure

The G6PD test usually involves collecting a blood sample, which can be obtained through venipuncture (drawing blood from a vein) or capillary blood collection (a small prick on the finger or heel). The specific method of sample collection will depend on factors such as the age of the individual.

Interpreting G6PD Test (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) Results

Normal G6PD activity: Normal G6PD activity levels can vary depending on the laboratory and the specific assay method used. Generally, a G6PD activity within the normal range indicates that the G6PD enzyme is functioning adequately.
G6PD deficiency: G6PD deficiency is diagnosed when the G6PD activity is below the normal range. The severity of deficiency can vary, and the specific classification may depend on the laboratory and the reference values used. G6PD deficiency can be categorized into different variants or classifications, such as mild, moderate, or severe.
Intermediate G6PD activity: In some cases, the G6PD activity may fall into an intermediate range, which is between normal and deficient. Intermediate G6PD activity may indicate a milder form of G6PD deficiency or a variant with reduced enzyme activity.

Treatment for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase levels

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic condition, and there is currently no cure for it. Treatment primarily focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing complications associated with G6PD deficiency. Here are some approaches that may be considered:

Avoidance of triggers: People with G6PD deficiency should avoid substances and factors that can trigger hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells). These triggers may include certain medications (e.g., sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, antimalarials), infections, certain foods (e.g., fava beans), and exposure to chemicals or toxins.
Supportive care during hemolytic episodes: In cases where hemolysis occurs, supportive care is provided to manage symptoms and complications. This may include rest, hydration, pain management, and blood transfusions in severe cases.
Education and awareness: People with G6PD deficiency and their caregivers should be educated about the condition, its triggers, and how to manage it effectively. This includes understanding potential sources of trigger substances and the importance of alerting healthcare providers about the G6PD deficiency before any medical procedures or treatments.
Genetic counseling: Individuals with G6PD deficiency or a family history of the condition may benefit from genetic counseling. Genetic counselors can provide information about the inheritance pattern of G6PD deficiency and discuss the implications for family planning.

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